Which of the following would constitute a closed kinematic chain activity of the left shoulder complex?

a. Using your left arm to push yourself out of a chair
b. Throwing a Frisbee with your left hand
c. Combing your hair with your left hand
d. Waving with your left hand

ANS: A
Pushing yourself out of a chair using your arm would be considered a closed kinematic chain
activity. Because the arm is bearing weight through the arms of the chair, which are in contact with
the ground, this would mean that the distal segment is fixed, and the body is moving about this
fixed segment.