Explain the four decision points that people must pass through before giving help, and describe two factors that discourage people from providing help and four factors that would encourage people to provide help

What will be an ideal response?

Answer will include the following: (1) First, people must notice that something is happening. Many times, people in crowds typically "keep their eyes to themselves," so if you are a victim, you have to get people's attention. (2) People must define the situation as an emergency. Because no one wants to overreact, sometimes precious moments pass before a situation is defined as an emergency. (3) The most crucial step in helping is assuming responsibility. Being in a group limits helping by causing a diffusion of responsibility. (4) The person must select a course of action. Factors that might discourage a person from giving help include: being inhibited by the presence of others, which causes a diffusion of responsibility (spreading the responsibility among several people) and the high cost of helping either in effort, embarrassment, or risk. The rewards must outweigh the risks for people to get involved. People are motivated to help when they experience empathic arousal, are in a good mood, see themselves as a helpful person, by the similarity of the victim to the helper, by seeing other people helping