Whose compositions are the first in the history of Western music to use a type of notation that indicates a strong rhythmic profile?

All of the following cultures were Mesopotamian EXCEPT:

A. the Sumerian. B. the Babylonian. C. the Assyrian. D. the Akkadian. E. the Minoan.

How would Hawkins solo lines be described best?

a. Simple and melodic b. Complicated, with many twists and turns c. Based on repeating riffs or motives d. Short, choppy phrases