The growth of transfer functions emphasizes that different kinds of governmental programs require what kind of administrative approaches?

Some federal agencies do not have high cabinet-level status but they do report directly to the president. Such agencies, which include NASA and the Small Business Administration, are referred to as

a. cabinet departments. b. independent agencies. c. administrative units. d. congressional subdivisions. e. inner circle agencies.

Which of the following statements is true of energy sources in the United States?

A. U.S. oil production, which rose sharply after 1985, began to decline again in 2009. B. Low natural gas prices plus new air-pollution regulations have made coal uncompetitive as a source of electricity. C. The United States is not in favor of using nuclear energy as it releases greenhouse gases. D. The Obama administration approved the construction of the Keystone XL pipeline along the U.S. Gulf Coast. E. Imports of natural gas are cost-effective as natural gas can be transported by ship efficiently.