Self-report measures of personality are advantageous because:
a. they are designed to be taken by both children and adults.
b. they are designed for people of all ranges of intelligence.
c. they are designed and automated to be scored quickly.
d. they are designed for people with all ranges of reading ability.
ANS: C
FEEDBACK: Despite the problems involved in self-report inventories, these still remain the most objective approach to personality assessment. Their greatest advantage is that they are designed to be scored objectively and quickly through automated personality assessment programs, providing a complete diagnostic profile of the test-taker's responses.
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The chapter on working memory discussed several studies about individual differences in working memory. Which of the following students provides the best information about how working memory is related to academic skills?
a. Samantha: "People who have an unusually large capacity in their episodic buffer are likely to earn poor grades in school." b. Aroona: "People who are especially skilled on a task that uses the central executive are likely to score high in reading comprehension." c. Sanjay: "The research failed to support Baddeley's model; most academic tasks require the equal participation of all four components of working memory." d. James: "The research failed to support Baddeley's model; there is no relationship between central-executive skills and a wide variety of other measures that should be related to the central executive and a wide variety of academic skills."
Which of the following is true concerning partial schedules of reinforcement?
A) Interval schedules tend to yield higher rates of responding as compared to ratio schedules. B) Ratio schedules tend to yield higher rates of responding as compared to interval schedules. C) Fixed schedules tend to yield higher rates of responding as compared to variable schedules. D) All combinations of intermittent schedules tend to yield similar rates of responding.