Research demonstrates that people with major depressive disorder are drawn to negative information in the world

Andrade (2009) investigated the impact of doodling on attention and performance during a monotonous task. In her study:

a) doodlers recalled intentionally encoded material better, but were worse at recalling incidentally obtained info. b) doodlers recalled incidentally obtained material better, but were worse at recalling intentionally encoded info. c) doodlers were better than controls at recalling both intentionally learned and incidentally obtained info. d) doodlers were worse than controls at recalling both intentionally learned and incidentally obtained info.

Kohlberg's model of moral development has been criticized as culturally biased because

a. the stages have only been found in people from Western cultures. b. research has found that people from different cultures vary in how they proceed through the stages. c. there is little evidence that people reach the level of postconventional reasoning. d. it emphasizes moral standards that appeal to males rather than females. e. it emphasizes ideals found primarily in Western cultures.