In a study on the effects of a new type of soft lighting on task efficiency using two groups of office workers as the participants, what is the null hypothesis?
A) There will be no task efficiency difference between the groups in the two conditions.
B) The effects of the lights on one group will be nullified by the effects on the other group.
C) The new type of lighting will lead to greater task efficiency.
D) The new type of lighting will lead to lower task efficiency.
Answer: A
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Which of the following is not true of discretionary spending?
A) It is a form of federal spending that Congress can modify or eliminate in any given year. B) It includes entitlements such as Medicare and Social Security. C) It includes spending on education, the environment, and national defense. D) Currently, discretionary spending makes about 30% percent of the overall budget. E) Discretionary spending lies within the president's immediate influence.