Which of the following is not classified as a voluntary deduction?

The cost of external equity capital is greater than the cost of retained earnings because of

A) increasing marginal tax rates. B) greater risk for shareholders. C) flotation costs on new equity. D) higher dividends.

Andy comes from a culture that emphasizes hard work and promotes the entrepreneurial spirit within individuals. While he and his coworkers are encouraged to achieve their personal goals, they are also held responsible for their actions

According to Hofstede's framework, which of the following dimensions does this culture illustrate? A) feminity B) individualism C) high power distance D) high uncertainty avoidance