Which research approach is probably the best for exploring the genetic contribution to personality?
A) comparing identical twins who were reared apart
B) comparing children adopted into another family with their siblings who remained with their birth parents
C) comparing fraternal twins
D) comparing identical twins who were raised in the same household
Answer: A
Rationale: Because identical twins raised in the same household share both genes and environment, studying twins reared apart is a more useful when trying to separate genetic and environmental contributions to personality.
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Two-year-old Rose wants two hamburgers just like her big brother, but you know that would be too much for her. You decide to cut her hamburger in two. What is she likely to say?
a) "Now I have two." b) "Hamburgers are good for me." c) "What happened to the other hamburgers?" d) "Listen, I can count to two; where is the other hamburger?"
Which of the following statements correctly illustrates the cultural differences in emotional expression for American and Asian children?
a. American elementary-school children are embarrassed by public displays of individual achievement, but show great pride when their entire class is honored for an achievement. b. Asian elementary-school children often show pride at personal achievement, such as getting the highest grade on a test or being chosen student of the month. c. In many Asian countries, outward displays of emotions are discouraged in favor of emotional restraint. d. American preschool children are less like than Chinese preschool children to smile at funny pictures or express disgust after smelling vinegar.